Micro irrigation is a low-pressure, low-flow-rate type of irrigation that can reduce the likelihood of overwatering a landscape. This form of irrigation delivers water directly to where it is needed most-the root zone of plants. It also delivers the water slowly and over a longer period of time, preventing runoff and reducing evaporation. Microirrigation systems use 20 to 50 percent less water than conventional sprinkler systems and can reduce residential or commercial landscape irrigation water use.

Micro irrigation is a modern method of irrigation; by this method water is irrigated through drippers, sprinklers, foggers and by other emitters on surface or subsurface of the land. Major components of a micro irrigation system is as follows.
Water source, pumping devices (motor and pump), ball valves, fertigation equipments, filters, control valves, joining accessories (Main and sub main) and emitters.

In this system water is applied drop by drop nearer the root zone area of the crop.
The drippers are fixed based on the spacing of crop.  Many different types of emitters are available in the market. They are classified as Inline drippers, on line drippers, Micro tubes, Pressed compensated drippers.

Portable micro sprinklers are also available. They distribute slightly more water than drippers and micro sprinklers. They spray water in not more than one meter. It is used for preparing nursery and lawns in soils with low water holding capacity.